Neuroanatomy Flash Cards-2

Sunflower cataract

Sunflower cataract
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Ocular signs of Wilson disease
Sunflower cataract and KF rings.

Schirmer's test

What is Schirmer's test ?
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Schirmer's test -Record measurement of tear secretion in patients with suspected 'dry eyes'.

Lisch nodules

What are 'Lisch nodules ' ?
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Lisch nodules- iris hamartomas pathognomic markers of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)
Rarely seen in individuals without NF1 like segmental neurofibromatosis and Watson syndrome.

Kayser–Fleischer (KF) rings

Kayser–Fleischer (KF) rings are seen in which conditions?
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Kayser–Fleischer (KF) rings are a common ophthalmologic finding in patients with Wilson disease

Krückmann-Wolfflin bodies

Krückmann-Wolfflin bodies
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Krückmann-Wolfflin bodies
Similar spots seen in iris like Brushfield spots Found in individuals without Down syndrome.
Krückmann-Wolfflin bodies- these spots typically are less well defined, fewer in number and more peripherally located than the Brushfield spots of trisomy 21.

What is the pathophysiology of Kayser–Fleischer rings ?

How the Kayser–Fleischer rings are formed ?
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Kayser–Fleischer rings are dark rings that appear to encircle the iris of the eye. They are due to copper deposition in part of the Descemet's membrane as a result of liver diseases

Kayser–Fleischer rings and impairment of vision

Kayser–Fleischer rings and impairment of vision
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Kayser–Fleischer rings do not cause any impairment of vision

Dentate ligament

What is dentate ligament?
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Dentate ligament - dentate ligaments extend along the lateral surface of the spinal cord, between the anterior and posterior nerve roots, from the pia to the dura mater

What happens to Kayser–Fleischer rings after treatment?

What happens to Kayser–Fleischer rings after treatment?
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Kayser–Fleischer rings- disappear with treatment and reappear with disease progression.

Filum terminale

Filum terminale is about ----------- cm in length
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Filum terminale is about 20 cm in length

Is Kayser–Fleischer rings is specific to Wilson disease ?

Is Kayser–Fleischer rings is specific to Wilson disease ?
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KF rings are not specific to Wilson disease alone, they are also seen in other chronic cholestatic disorders such as primary biliary cholangitis and children with neonatal cholestasis

Brushfield spots

Brushfield spots
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Brushfield spots on the iris due to Down’s syndrome

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