Lung cancer

Most common with carcinoma lung

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Hypercalcemia


Most common is hypercalcemia caused by over-production of parathyroid hormone-related protein or parathyroid hormone.

"Driver mutations" – are particularly common in adenocarcinomas

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Adenocarcinoma

CK7 is present in many lung cancers, but absent from

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squamous cell carcinomas.


Adenocarcinomas tend to express Napsin-A and TTF-1; squamous cell carcinomas lack Napsin-A and TTF-1, but express p63 and its cancer-specific isoform p40

Small cell lung cancer are most commonly found near

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center of the lung


SCLC tumors are often found near the center of the lungs, in the major airways

Horner's syndrome is common in lung tumors at

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Apex


Horner's syndrome - seen in Pancoast tumor which is a tumor of the apex of the lung.

Which of the following tumor develops hollow cavity and associated cell death at the center of the tumor?

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Squamous-cell carcinoma


Squamous-cell carcinoma causes about 30% of lung cancers. Occur close to large airways. Hollow cavity commonly found at the center of the tumor.

Which Adenocarcinoma of lung is most aggressive?

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lepidic subtype is associated with good prognosis, acinar and papillary subtypes show intermediate prognosis, whereas micropapillary and solid subtypes correlate with the worst prognosis

Which Adenocarcinoma of lung is least aggressive?

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lepidic type adenocarcinoma - grow along the alveolar walls


lepidic subtype is associated with good prognosis, acinar and papillary subtypes show intermediate prognosis, whereas micropapillary and solid subtypes correlate with the worst prognosis

Leading cause of cancer death

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carcinoma lung


lung cancer is the most diagnosed type of cancer, and the leading cause of cancer death

Most common symptom of carcinoma lungs

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Cough

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