Contents
- 1 Most common cause of acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- 2 What is the mechanism of Lithium induced Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
- 3 Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders is caused by IgG autoantibodies against
- 4 Which drugs impair urine-concentrating ability of kidney?
- 5 What are the treatment options for lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Most common cause of acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
A. Hypercalcaemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Pyelonephritis
D. Lithium
What is the mechanism of Lithium induced Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
A. Downregulation of AQP2 in proximal convoluted tubule
B. Downregulation of AQP1 in proximal straight tubule
C. Downregulation of AQP2 in collecting duct
D. Downregulation of AQP1 in thin descending loop of Henle
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders is caused by IgG autoantibodies against
A. Aquaporin 1
B. Aquaporin 2
C. Aquaporin 3
D. Aquaporin 4
Which drugs impair urine-concentrating ability of kidney?
- amphotericin
- foscarnet
- demeclocycline
Mechanism – Reduce renal medullary adenylyl cyclase activity, thereby decreasing the effect of AVP on the collecting ducts.
What are the treatment options for lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Lithium withdrawal
Instead of withdrawal of lithium – Treatment options for lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus could be introducing
- Thiazides,
- Amiloride
- Indomethacin
- Desmopressin
- Carbamazepine
| Aquaporin | Site of Action | |
| Aquaporin 1 | proximal convoluted tubule proximal straight tubule thin descending loop of Henle | Water reabsorption |
| Aquaporin 2 | connecting tubule cortical collecting duct outer medullary collecting duct inner medullary collecting duct | Water reabsorption in response to ADH |
| Aquaporin 3 | connecting tubule cortical collecting duct outer medullary collecting duct | Water reabsorption and glycerol permeability |
| Aquaporin 4 | inner medullary collecting duct | Water reabsorption |
