Ankylosing Spondylitis


Most common features of Ankylosing Spondylitis


A. Postural abnormalities

B. Buttock pain

C. Hip pain

D. Progressive spinal stiffness



Most common extraarticular manifestations of Ankylosing Spondylitis

A. Aortic Regurgitation

B. Inflammatory bowel disease

C. Acute anterior uveitis

D. Psoriasis



Human leukocyte antigen associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis


A. HLA-DR2

B. HLA-B27

C. HLA-DR4

D. HLA-B47



All of the following are associated with HLA B27 Except


A. Ankylosing spondylitis

B. Reactive arthritis

C. Acute anterior uveitis

D. 21-hydroxylase deficiency



 Inflammatory back pain typically exhibits all Except


A. Age of onset less than 40 years

B. Insidious onset

C. Improvement with exercise

D. Improvement with rest



Bamboo spine typically involves


A. Cervical

B. Upper Thoracic

C. Mid Thoracic

D. Thoracolumber



“sausage digits”


Common causes of sausage digit are

  1. Psoriatic arthropathy
  2. Osteomyelitis
  3. Sickle cell disease
  4. Sarcoidosis
  5. Tuberculous dactylitis (spina ventosa)
  6. Leukemia
  7. Syphilitic dactylitis
  8. Gout
  9. Ankylosing spondylitis

Extraarticular manifestations


Most common extraarticular manifestations of AS include

  1. inflammatory bowel disease (up to 50%),
  2. acute anterior uveitis (25% to 35%),
  3. psoriasis (approximately 10%).

Inflammatory back pain


Inflammatory back pain typically exhibits at least four of the five following characteristics:


  1. Age of onset less than 40 years
  2. Insidious onset
  3. Improvement with exercise
  4. No improvement with rest
  5. Pain at night with an improvement upon arising

Plain radiographic changes characteristic of AS-


Early sign

Squaring” of the vertebral bodies

Squaring” of the vertebral bodies – best seen on lateral x-ray


Romanus lesions

Shiny corner sign

Shiny corner sign –  characterized by small erosions and reactive sclerosis at the corners of the vertebral bodies.


Late sign

Dagger sign

Dagger sign – represented as a single radio dense line running vertically down the spine on frontal radiographs.


Bamboo spine sign

Bamboo spine sign -vertebral body fusion by syndesmophytes


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