Pancreatic Cancer – Review
| Pancreatic Cancer | |||
| 1 | Most common Pancreatic cancer? | Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 90% of cases |
| 2 | Most common site of adenocarcinoma in pancreas? | Adenocarcinomas commonest site -pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) | arise in Exocrine tissue of the pancreas |
| 3 | Most common Age of development of Pancreatic adenocarcinoma? | Rarely before the age of 40, >50% cases occur at > 70 years age | |
| 4 | Smokers’ chances of developing the disease return to that of the rest of the population | After 20 years [ if they stop smoking] | |
| 5 | Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, | Called as “PanNETs” | arise endocrine tissue of the pancreas |
| Most common functioning PanNETs | Insulinomas and Gastrinomas | ||
| 6 | What are the types of pancreatic adenocarcinoma? | 1. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma – commonest type 2. Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas 3. Cystadenocarcinomas 4. Pancreatoblastoma 5. Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms | Other exocrine cancers include – adenosquamous carcinomas, – signet ring cell carcinomas, – – hepatoid carcinomas, – colloid carcinomas, – undifferentiated carcinomas, – undifferentiated carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells. – Solid pseudopapillary tumor |
| 7 | Trousseau’s syndrome | – Portal vein thrombosis – Deep vein thrombosis – Superficial vein thrombosis anywhere on the body – may be associated with pancreatic cancer | Seen in 10% of cases of Pancreatic Cancer |
| 8 | Commonest Pancreatic metastasis is from | Kidney cancer- most common cancer to spread to the pancreas, followed by colorectal cancer, skin, breast, and lung cancer | |
| 9 | Hereditary syndromes associated with Pancreatic Cancer | Peutz–Jeghers syndrome dysplastic nevus syndrome autosomal recessive ataxia-telangiectasia hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (Lynch syndrome) familial adenomatous polyposis | PanNETs have been associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and von Hippel Lindau syndromes |
| 10 | Pancreatic serous cystadenomas, | Almost always benign | |
| 11 | Types of precancerous lesion | 1. Intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) 2.I ntraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). 3.Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) 4.Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm | |
| 12 | Most common symptom is | unexplained weight loss | Regardless of a tumor’s location |
| 13 | Courvoisier’s sign | painlessly swollen gallbladder | Raise suspicion, and can help differentiate pancreatic cancer from gallstones |
| 14 | Most widely used cancer staging system for pancreatic cancer | American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) together with the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). | |
| 15 | Whipple procedure | Whipple procedure is the most commonly attempted curative surgical treatment – For cancers involving the head of the pancreas |
