1. Genital tuberculosis is most commonly caused by:
A. Mycobacterium leprae
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C. Mycobacterium avium complex
D. Mycobacterium kansasii
Genital tuberculosis is primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis via hematogenous spread.
2. Most common site of involvement in female genital TB?
A. Cervix
B. Vagina
C. Fallopian tubes
D. Ovaries
Fallopian tubes are the most frequently affected site in female genital TB.
3. Which symptom is most characteristic of genital tuberculosis in women?
A. Acute abdominal pain
B. Infertility
C. Vaginal discharge
D. Abnormal uterine bleeding
Infertility is the most common presentation due to tubal obstruction or damage.
4. The definitive diagnosis of genital tuberculosis is made by:
A. Microbiological culture or PCR of endometrial biopsy
B. Ultrasound pelvis
C. Mantoux test
D. Hysterosalpingography alone
Endometrial biopsy with PCR or culture provides definitive evidence of TB.
5. Genital tuberculosis in men most commonly affects:
A. Testes
B. Penis
C. Epididymis
D. Prostate
The epididymis is the most commonly affected site in male genital TB.
6. Hysterosalpingography in genital TB typically shows:
A. Normal tubal patency
B. Uterine fibroids
C. Polycystic ovaries
D. Tubal obstruction or beading
Tubal obstruction or beading is characteristic of genital TB on HSG.
7. Which is a common symptom of male genital tuberculosis?
A. Erectile dysfunction
B. Penile ulcer
C. Scrotal swelling
D. Hematuria
Scrotal swelling due to epididymal involvement is common in male genital TB.
8. Which investigation is most helpful in genital TB?
A. Endometrial biopsy with PCR
B. Serum CA-125 levels
C. Cervical smear
D. Semen analysis
Endometrial biopsy with PCR or culture confirms genital TB diagnosis.
9. Main mode of spread of genital TB?
A. Sexual transmission
B. Hematogenous dissemination
C. Direct invasion
D. Ingestion of contaminated food
Hematogenous dissemination from a primary pulmonary focus is the most common spread route.
10. First-line treatment for genital tuberculosis is:
A. Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT)
B. Broad-spectrum antibiotics
C. Surgical excision of lesions
D. Chemotherapy
Anti-tubercular therapy is the standard treatment for genital TB.
11. Genital TB in women may lead to:
A. Menstrual regularity
B. Increased fertility
C. Infertility
D. Normal pregnancy
Tubal damage from TB commonly results in infertility.
12. Which part of male genital tract is least commonly affected by TB?
A. Epididymis
B. Testes
C. Prostate
D. Penis
The penis is least commonly affected in male genital TB.
13. Most common histopathological finding in genital TB?
A. Caseating granulomas
B. Squamous metaplasia
C. Epithelial hyperplasia
D. Atrophy
Caseating granulomas are typical in TB infections.
14. Why is early diagnosis of genital TB important?
A. To prevent cancer
B. To prevent infertility
C. To avoid scarring of skin
D. To prevent liver damage
Early diagnosis and treatment help preserve fertility.
15. Which laboratory test may help in supporting the diagnosis of genital TB?
A. Serum CA-125 elevation
B. Elevated PSA
C. Positive Mantoux test
D. Elevated alpha-fetoprotein
A positive Mantoux test supports TB diagnosis, though not definitive.
16. Which organ is rarely affected in genital TB?
A. Fallopian tubes
B. Endometrium
C. Ovaries
D. Vagina
The vagina is rarely involved in genital tuberculosis.
17. Which of the following is a risk factor for genital TB?
A. Pulmonary TB
B. Viral hepatitis
C. HIV negativity
D. Absence of prior TB exposure
History of pulmonary TB increases risk of genital TB.
18. Genital TB most commonly affects which age group?
A. Children
B. Elderly
C. Women of reproductive age (20–40)
D. Neonates
Most common in women aged 20–40 years.
19. Which is NOT a typical treatment component of genital TB?
A. Isoniazid
B. Rifampicin
C. Ethambutol
D. Antifungal agents
Antifungal agents are not part of TB treatment.
20. A complication of untreated genital tuberculosis is:
A. Ovarian cysts
B. Uterine fibroids
C. Infertility
D. Cervical cancer
Infertility due to tubal obstruction is a major complication.
Incidence of genital tuberculosis is highest in the following population
A. Pulmonary tuberculosis
B. Urinary tuberculosis
C. Infertility
D. HIV
Not true about genital tuberculosis
A. Genital tuberculosis is almost always secondary to primary infection elsewhere
B. Commonest extragenital primary site is lungs
C. Most common pelvic organ involved is endometrium
D. More likely to occur if spread of infection coincides puberty
Genital TB presents with symptoms resembling endometrial malignancy
A. In postmenopausal women
B. HIV patients
C. Superimposed on PID
D. Young prepubertal girls
TB should be strongly suspected in the following case
A. Hydrosalpinx
B. Fimbrial obstruction
C. Presence of synechiae
D. Increased vascularisation
Cotton wool plug appearance in genital tuberculosis refers to
A. Uterine changes
B. Cervical canal
C. Hydrosalpinx
D. Calcified lymph nodes
In-shorts
- The genital organs affected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (in descending order of frequency) are as follows: fallopian tubes (95-100%), uterine endometrium (50-60%), ovaries (20-30%), cervix (5-15%), uterine myometrium (2.5%) and vagina/vulva (1%)
- Chronic infection may lead to extensive destruction of the endometrium and myometrium resulting in complete narrowing of the uterine cavity called Netter syndrome
- The endometrium is affected in 60-90 percent of cases with genital TB
