Fractional flow reserve (FFR)


Fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement –

Maximum achievable blood flow in a diseased coronary artery / Theoretical maximum flow in a normal coronary artery.


  • Ratio between the maximum achievable blood flow in a diseased coronary artery and the theoretical maximum flow in a normal coronary artery.
  • An FFR of 1.0 is widely accepted as normal.
  • An FFR lower than 0.75-0.80 is generally considered to be associated with myocardial ischemia

    Spodic sign

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