Nephrology MCQs- III

Creatinine clearance declines by an average of ---------- after age 40 years as part of the aging process.

Correct! Wrong!

Creatinine clearance declines by an average of 0.8 mL/min/yr after age 40 years as part of the aging process.

Creatinine is not a perfect indicator of GFR for the following reasons EXCEPT -

Correct! Wrong!

Creatinine is a product of muscle metabolism produced at a relatively constant rate and cleared by renal excretion. Which is good for being a perfect indicator of GFR.

All of the following are exogenous marker for GFR measurement EXCEPT -

Correct! Wrong!

Exogenous markers for GFR Measurement - Inulin, Iohexol, Iothalamate


Endogenous markers for GFR Measurement - GFR is commonly estimated using serum levels of endogenous markers. Creatinine, urea, cystatin C, beta-trace protein, and beta-2 microglobulin.

Reduced BUN levels are seen in -

Correct! Wrong!

Reduced BUN levels are seen in liver disease and in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).

BUN : creatinine ratio increases in all of the following EXCEPT -

Correct! Wrong!

BUN : creatinine ratio -
low BUN-to-creatinine ratio may be caused by
-diet low in protein,
- severe muscle injury[rhabdomyolysis] ,
- pregnancy, cirrhosis,
- syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).

All of the following are CORRECT EXCEPT -

Correct! Wrong!

Creatinine clearances - overestimate GFR
Urea clearances - underestimate GFR

All of the following are indications of Renal biopsy EXCEPT =

Correct! Wrong!

Uncontrollable severe hypertension - Contraindication for Renal Biopsy

AKI is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine by --------- within 48 hours

Correct! Wrong!

AKI is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine by 0.3 mg/dL or more within 48 hours or
a relative increase of at least 1.5 times baseline that is known or presumed to have occurred within 7 days.

RIFLE criteria is used for evaluation of -

Correct! Wrong!

RIFLE criteria, proposed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) group, aid in assessment of the severity of a person's acute kidney injury.

AKI can be diagnosed if any one of the following is present EXCEPT:

Correct! Wrong!

Introduced by the KDIGO in 2012 - specific criteria exist for the diagnosis of AKI.
AKI can be diagnosed if any one of the following is present:
Increase in SCr by ≥0.3 mg/dl (≥26.5 μmol/l) within 48 hours; or
Increase in SCr to ≥1.5 times baseline, which has occurred within the prior 7 days; or
Urine volume < 0.5 ml/kg/h for 6 hours.

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