Myelopathy in Down syndrome

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Myelopathy in Down syndrome is usually caused by 

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[A] Spinal stenosis
[B] Atlanto-axial instability
[C] Lumbar lordosis
[D] Autoimmune disorders

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• Instability of the atlantoaxial joint occurs in about 1–2%.
• Atlantoaxial instability may cause myelopathy due to cervical spinal cord compression later in life

Characteristics in Down syndrome

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Characteristics in Down syndrome	Percentage
Mental impairment	99%
Stunted growth	90%
Umbilical hernia	90%
Low muscle tone	80%

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Types of Down Syndrome

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• Trisomy 21 -Most Common
• Mosaic Down syndrome accounts for – two per cent of Down syndrome cases
• Translocation Down syndrome – accounts for three per cent of cases

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Down syndrome – disabilities

• Mental abilities are typically similar to those of an 8- or 9-year-old.
• Down syndrome nearly always have physical and intellectual disabilities
• Very high – Emotional and social awareness
• Increased risk of – congenital heart defect, epilepsy, leukemia, and thyroid diseases

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