Basic Cardiology -II
Contents
- 1 Resting membrane potential Ventricular myocyte is maintained by -
- 2 Mitochondrial density of Myocyte is .................of the cell volume
- 3 Wall stress of LV is described by which of the following -
- 4 Which of the following is related to Bayliss effect?
- 5 Nitrous Oxide produced in endothelial cells from the amino acid -
- 6 All of the following are the functions of Nitrous Oxide EXCEPT -
- 7 Which of the following is a endogenous Vasodilator ?
- 8 Weibel–Palade bodies store -
- 9 Most common inherited bleeding disorder -
- 10 When new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, the process is called -
Resting membrane potential Ventricular myocyte is maintained by -
Ventricular myocyte action potentials -
Resting membrane potential is a consequence of a small flow of potassium ions into the cells through open
‘inward rectifier’ channels (IKl); at this stage, sodium and calcium channels are closed.
Mitochondrial density of Myocyte is .................of the cell volume
Myocyte has a very high mitochondrial density - 35% of the cell volume
Wall stress of LV is described by which of the following -
Law of LaPlace describes the factors that determine left ventricular wall stress
Law of LaPlace, which states that wall tension (T) is proportionate to the pressure (P) times radius (r) for thin-walled spheres or cylinders.
Therefore, wall stress is wall tension divided by wall thickness.
LV wall stress (σ) = [P x R] / h
P =ventricular pressure; r = ventricular radius; h = wall thickness
Bayliss effect or Bayliss myogenic response
- is a special manifestation of the myogenic tone in the vasculature.
Bayliss myogenic response – the ability of blood vessels to constrict when distended
When blood pressure is increased in the blood vessels and the blood vessels distend, they react with a constriction; this is the Bayliss effect.
Nitrous Oxide produced in endothelial cells from the amino acid -
Nitrous Oxide produced in endothelial cells from the amino acid L-arginine
All of the following are the functions of Nitrous Oxide EXCEPT -
Functions of Nitrous Oxide -
- Vasodilation
- Inhibits platelet aggregation
- Inhibits transcription of adhesion molecules
- Inhibits vascular smooth muscle proliferation
Which of the following is a endogenous Vasodilator ?
Prostacyclin (PGI2) -
-Generated by vascular wall is -
-Potent vasodilator,
-Most potent endogenous inhibitor of platelet aggregation
Weibel–Palade bodies store -
Weibel–Palade bodies (WPBs) are the storage granules of endothelial cells
Endothelial cells manufacture, store and release two principal molecules, von Willebrand factor and P-selectin,
Weibel–Palade bodies - store two major components -
von Willebrand factor and P-selectin
alpha granule of platelets, which also contains vWF.
Weibel–Palade bodies are the main source of vWF, while α-granules probably play a minor role.
Most common inherited bleeding disorder -
Von Willebrand disease is the most common inherited bleeding disorder
When new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, the process is called -
Angiogenesis - blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels
Arteriogenesis - refers to an increase in the diameter of existing arterial vessels.
Vasculogenesis - formation of new blood vessels, in blood islands, when there are no pre-existing ones
